What else the standard lets you put in
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The list, and what each one is for
The standard permits a specific set of additions and prohibits everything else, which is more restrictive than most people expect. Each permitted item is there for a functional reason rather than a culinary one, and knowing which does what tells you which you can leave out.
- Nutritive carbohydrate sweeteners, which is the sugar the ratio is counting.
- Spices, which is how a spiced product stays inside the standard rather than becoming something else.
- Acidifying agents, the added acid the set needs.
- Pectin, where the fruit does not supply enough.
- Buffering agents, to hold the acid where it was put.
- Preservatives, within the limits that apply to them.
- Antifoaming agents, which is the industrial answer to the foam you otherwise skim by hand.
Why the list matters commercially
Adding something outside the list does not make the product bad, it makes it a different product with a different name. That is a commercial decision rather than a quality one, and it is better made deliberately than discovered at the label stage.
Adding something outside it does not make the product unsafe. It makes it nonstandardized, which means it may not be labeled as a jam or preserve and has to be named for what it is instead. FDA has a compliance policy guide covering that case for jellies. The naming question is on jam, jelly or preserve.
The one most people trip on
One common addition sits outside the list and catches people precisely because it feels traditional rather than novel. The instinct that it must be allowed because it has always been done is exactly what makes it worth checking against the list rather than against memory. Traditional and permitted are two different categories, and the standard was written long after the tradition was.
A fruit-and-vegetable product, or a jam with a non-fruit inclusion, is usually outside the standard. That is a labeling consequence rather than a recipe fault, and it is cheaper to find out before the labels are printed.