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What goes wrong

The batch is inconsistent

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Two batches made the same way that are not the same product. In this craft the input is the most likely variable, which is unusual.

The milk moved

Composition changes with lactation stage, feed and season, and a cultured product tracks it. The same method on different milk gives a different set and a different flavor, and nothing about your process went wrong. Recording the supplier and collection date is what lets you see this.

The incubation drifted

A warm room in summer and the same room in winter are not the same incubator, and a batch placed near a door is not in the same conditions as one in the middle. Logging the actual temperature rather than the setting catches this immediately.

The culture aged

A propagated culture shifts over months as its organisms compete, so drift that happened gradually across many batches rather than suddenly in one points here. This is the slowest of the three to notice and the easiest to prevent with a renewal schedule.

Fermentation stopped at a different point

If the endpoint is a time rather than a pH, every batch finishes somewhere slightly different, and on a slow day it finishes a long way different. Finishing on the measurement rather than the clock removes this entirely and is the single highest-value change available.

What a buyer will ask

Whether next week’s delivery tastes like this week’s. In a product bought weekly that question matters more than in any other property here, because the customer is comparing directly and often.

Change one thing at a time

The temptation when a batch is wrong is to adjust the culture, the temperature and the time together, which guarantees you learn nothing. With a weekly production cycle that costs a month of guessing, so changing one variable per batch is faster even though it feels slower.

References

21 CFR 131.200, Yogurt: not less than 3.25 percent milkfat and not less than 8.25 percent milk solids not fat, with “a pH of 4.6 or lower measured on the finished product within 24 hours after filling.” law.cornell.edu
Written from federal regulation and FDA guidance, not from a laboratory. Pasteurization of milk and milk products in final package form for interstate commerce is a federal requirement, and what your state permits inside its own borders is a separate question. Anything here is a starting point for a conversation with your state department of agriculture, not a determination that you comply.