Flavor variants, and what they really cost
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A second flavor looks like the easiest way to widen a range. In this category it is a new product with most of a new product's costs.
The cheapest-looking extension
Same base, same packaging, same suppliers, same customer. The formula changes by a few percent and the label changes by a word.
That framing is why brands launch six flavors and then find the range is unprofitable.
What a variant actually carries
A flavor system is several percent of the blend with its own particle size, density and hygroscopicity. Changing it changes bulk density, which changes what the scoop delivers; changes flow, which changes filling; and changes segregation behavior, which is a potency risk.
So a flavor variant is a formula change, requiring its own blend uniformity work, its own scoop calibration, and its own place in the records.
It also needs its own label, its own SKU, and its own inventory position in a category where stock ages.
Where the cost lands
Not in the flavor, which is cheap. In the label minimum order, the testing, the tub inventory, and the shelf space each variant occupies in your storage and in a retailer's.
And in forecasting, because flavor demand is uneven and unpredictable. The commonest outcome is one flavor selling and the others aging.
How many to run
Two is defensible: one broad, one distinctive. Three is manageable. Beyond that the inventory and testing burden grows faster than the sales.
An unflavored version is worth more than an extra flavor for many brands, because it removes the largest variable component and appeals to people who mix it into something else.
And where you want variety without the cost, a single-serve sampler is a better answer than another tub line.