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What goes wrong

The unit was treated as a choice

On this page13
Weight for a solid. Not a preference.

The term was chosen for presentation

It is determined by the food: fluid measure for a liquid, weight for a solid, semisolid or viscous food.

So a solid was declared by volume

Which the section does not permit. A dry good is declared by weight, in avoirdupois pound and ounce.

Numerical count was overlooked

It is one of the four permitted terms and the one that suits a countable dry good, alone or combined with weight or measure.

The dry measure exception was over-read

It is permitted for a fresh produce item customarily sold that way, which is a narrow custom-based exception rather than a general option for dry goods.

And the whole section was assumed to apply

It reaches a food in package form, meaning a package for sale. A household filling a canister is outside it entirely.

Which is the finding for this group

Ten leaves, all household storage, and a labeling rule that mostly does not reach the reader. Stated on the first page rather than discovered.

Our capacity field was used as a weight

It is a volume in millilitres. The specialty supplements property sets out that gap and the one measurement that closes it.

The gallon was assumed to be a round metric figure

It is defined in the section as 231 cubic inches, which is 3,785 mL. Which is why gallon-sized containers are an awkward metric number everywhere in this catalog.

And the temperature provision was skipped

A fluid measure volume is expressed at 68 degrees F for most foods, 40 for a refrigerated one and at the frozen temperature for a frozen one.

Which does not reach a dry solid

Because weight does not change with temperature. The provision follows the fluid measure branch and is quoted here as the most surprising sentence in the section.

And state law was assumed to be covered

Weights and measures inspection at retail is a state function and is what actually checks a declared quantity.

Read the section if you start selling

And until then, read the mouth width.

References

21 CFR 101.7(a): "The principal display panel of a food in package form shall bear a declaration of the net quantity of contents." The declaration may be expressed in weight, measure, numerical count, or a combination of numerical count and weight or measure, and the choice is governed: fluid measure for a liquid, weight for a solid, semisolid or viscous food, with dry measure permitted for a fresh produce item customarily sold that way. The section reaches a food in package form, meaning a package for sale. law.cornell.edu
21 CFR 101.7(b): "Statements of weight shall be in terms of avoirdupois pound and ounce." And "Statements of fluid measure shall be in terms of the U.S. gallon of 231 cubic inches and quart, pint, and fluid ounce subdivisions thereof". Paragraph (b)(2) sets the temperature at which a volume is expressed: for a frozen food, "express the volume at the frozen temperature"; for a refrigerated food, "express the volume at 40 degrees F (4 degrees C)"; for other foods, "express the volume at 68 degrees F (20 degrees C)". law.cornell.edu
Written from 21 CFR 101.7 and from the catalog as it stood on 19 October 2026. That section reaches a food in package form, meaning a package for sale, so almost none of it reaches somebody filling a pantry canister; it is quoted because the four permitted terms and the 231 cubic inch gallon are worth knowing and because it shows what changes when a jar is sold rather than filled. The mass against volume gap is set out in the specialty supplements property. Nothing here addresses net quantity formatting, type size, placement, metric declarations, or state weights and measures law.