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Selling it

Naming it, and the one name that is spoken for

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One name in this property carries a standard and the rest do not, which makes peanut butter the only name you can get wrong by formulation.

Peanut butter commits you

Use the name and you have agreed to the standard: optional ingredients capped at 10 percent of the finished weight, fat not above 55 percent, and no artificial flavorings, artificial sweeteners, chemical preservatives or color additives. A product outside those is not a lesser peanut butter; it is something that has to be called something else.

Peanut spread is the honest alternative

It is the usual name for a product that is mostly peanuts and sits outside the standard, typically because of added sweetener. Choosing it deliberately is fine. Drifting into the position without changing the name is the failure.

Everything else is descriptive

Almond butter, cashew butter, sunflower seed butter, mixed nut butter. Name them for what they are and the general labeling rules apply. The test is whether a buyer reading the name would be surprised by the ingredient list.

Qualifiers carry meaning even when undefined

Natural, raw, stone ground and organic each set an expectation, and organic is a certification rather than an adjective. Natural has no fixed definition in this context and buyers read it as meaning no stabilizer, which is a claim about separation whether you intended one or not.

Check the name is available

A name already registered in this category is one you will be asked to stop using, usually once you are visible enough to be worth asking. The search belongs at the shortlist stage, not after a print run.

The name sets the price comparison

Peanut butter puts your jar next to the cheapest product in the aisle in a buyer’s mind, whatever is in it. A more specific name, naming the variety or the method, moves the comparison to products in your own price range. That is worth more than it sounds on a shelf where the commodity version costs a fraction of yours.

References

21 CFR 164.150, Peanut butter: optional seasoning and stabilizing ingredients “do not in the aggregate exceed 10 percent of the weight of the finished food”, the fat content “shall not exceed 55 percent”, and artificial flavorings, artificial sweeteners, chemical preservatives and color additives are not suitable ingredients. law.cornell.edu
Written from federal regulation, FDA compliance policy and published food-safety research, not from a laboratory. The kill-step pages describe a real hazard and are a starting point for a conversation with your state department of agriculture and a process authority, not a determination that any roast you run is adequate.